I must confess that even though I have written extensively about how blessed we humans are to be living on a planet that is infested with ants, I don’t always appreciate it when one of the infestations invades our home. A year ago, Kathy and I and our two sons were experiencing multiple bites from fire ants in our house. Kathy especially was suffering and demanded that I go outside, find out where the ants were coming from, and annihilate them all! When I went outside I discovered at least a dozen ant hills running all along the side of the house. I quickly realized that this was a job for a professional and called upon one of our neighbors who owns an extermination company. Our home has been ant-free ever since. However, as I told Kathy, for a number of reasons we should be grateful that there are lots of ants elsewhere.

In terms of biomass we humans are far from the dominant land animal on Earth. Lowly ants possess the greatest total mass of all land-dwelling animals. Ants comprise 15–25 percent of the total mass of living land animal tissue. In my book Improbable Planet,1 and in a previous article2 on our website, I described how Earth’s extremely high population of ants saved us from being scorched to death by the heat of the Sun.

Now, thanks to two recently published research papers, we have even more reasons to be grateful for God creating such huge populations of ants. The first is a paper3 published by Alejandro Farji-Brener and Victoria Werenkraut. Farji-Brener and Werenkraut investigated the effect of ant nests on soil fertility and plant health and fitness. Their study affirmed that ants are “one of the major sources of soil disturbance world-wide.”4  They also established that “ant nests showed higher nutrient and cation content than adjacent non-nest soil samples.”5  The nutrient content was higher in ant refuse materials than in the ant nests.

Farji-Brener and Werenkraut showed that ant nests particularly benefit plants in their vicinity. They concluded, “Plants showed higher green/root biomass and fitness on ant nests soils than in adjacent, non-nest sites.”6 Moreover, Farji-Brener and Werenkraut commented that we need to recognize the important role that ants fulfill as “ecological engineers.”7   

In the second paper, a team of seven ecologists studied the role that ants perform in the removal of detritus from the forest floors of tropical rain forests.8 Their study in Malaysian jungles demonstrated that, when the entire detritus foraging community had access to the food resources in the detritus, ants were responsible for the removal of 52 percent of the total detritus. Where detritus-consuming vertebrates were removed from the environment, ants were then responsible for 61 percent of the total detritus removal.

The seven ecologists showed that in the absence of ants, no other animals or community of animals is able to remove enough forest floor detritus to prevent catastrophic ecological consequences. What are these consequences? Dead material would build up on the forest floors and decompose much more slowly. Not only would this make the soil environment less diverse and less nutrient rich, it would release chemicals toxic to plant roots and the plants themselves.

It is not just the removal of forest floor detritus by ants that is ecologically beneficial. The ants transport the forest floor detritus to their nests, where, through their consumption and body wastes, they create nutrient-rich hotspots that cause plants and microbes in the vicinity of their nests to thrive.

Ants were created recently in Earth’s history. Not until the Paleogene period (66–23 million years ago) did the number of ant species and the populations of ants begin to balloon. Ants paved the way for humanity’s arrival and the possibility of human civilization. While an ant infestation in one of our homes might not make our gratitude list, now we have several reasons to thank God for creating such an abundance of them everywhere else on our planet for our benefit and for the benefit of all other life.

Featured image credit: Fir0002/Flagstaffotos.com.au

Endnotes

  1. Hugh Ross, Improbable Planet: How Earth Became Humanity’s Home (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2016), 195, 197.
  2. Hugh Ross, “Ants: Amazing Agents of Change,” Today’s New Reason to Believe (blog), Reasons to Believe, January 1, 2015, http://www.reasons.org/articles/ants-amazing-agents-of-change.
  3. Alejandro G. Farji-Brener and Victoria Werenkraut, “The Effects of Ant Nests on Soil Fertility and Plant Performance: A Meta-Analysis,” Journal of Animal Ecology 86 (July 2017): 868–77, doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12672.
  4. Farji-Brener and Werenkraut, “Effects of Ant Nests,” 868.
  5. Farji-Brener and Werenkraut, “Effects of Ant Nests,” 868.
  6. Farji-Brener and Werenkraut, “Effects of Ant Nests,” 868.
  7. Farji-Brener and Werenkraut, “Effects of Ant Nests,” 868.
  8. Hannah M. Griffiths et al., “Ants Are the Major Agents of Resource Removal from Tropical Rainforests,” Journal of Animal Ecology. Published ahead of print, August 8, 2017, doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12728.

Subjects: Animals, Earth Science, Human Flourishing, Plants, Sun, Symbiosis

About The Author

Dr. Hugh Ross

Reasons to Believe emerged from my passion to research, develop, and proclaim the most powerful new reasons to believe in Christ as Creator, Lord, and Savior and to use those new reasons to reach people for Christ. I also am eager to equip Christians to engage, rather than withdraw from or attack, educated non-Christians. One of the approaches I’ve developed, with the help of my RTB colleagues, is a biblical creation model that is testable, falsifiable, and predictive. I enjoy constructively integrating all 66 books of the Bible with all the science disciplines as a way to discover and apply deeper truths. 1 Peter 3:15–16 sets my ministry goal, "Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect, keeping a clear conscience." Hugh Ross launched his career at age seven when he went to the library to find out why stars are hot. Physics and astronomy captured his curiosity and never let go. At age seventeen he became the youngest person ever to serve as director of observations for Vancouver's Royal Astronomical Society. With the help of a provincial scholarship and a National Research Council (NRC) of Canada fellowship, he completed his undergraduate degree in physics (University of British Columbia) and graduate degrees in astronomy (University of Toronto). The NRC also sent him to the United States for postdoctoral studies. At Caltech he researched quasi-stellar objects, or "quasars," some of the most distant and ancient objects in the universe. Not all of Hugh's discoveries involved astrophysics. Prompted by curiosity, he studied the world’s religions and "holy books" and found only one book that proved scientifically and historically accurate: the Bible. Hugh started at religious "ground zero" and through scientific and historical reality-testing became convinced that the Bible is truly the Word of God! When he went on to describe for others his journey to faith in Jesus Christ, he was surprised to discover how many people believed or disbelieved without checking the evidence. Hugh's unshakable confidence that God's revelations in Scripture and nature do not, will not, and cannot contradict became his unique message. Wholeheartedly encouraged by family and friends, communicating that message as broadly and clearly as possible became his mission. Thus, in 1986, he founded science-faith think tank Reasons to Believe (RTB). He and his colleagues at RTB keep tabs on the frontiers of research to share with scientists and nonscientists alike the thrilling news of what's being discovered and how it connects with biblical theology. In this realm, he has written many books, including: The Fingerprint of God, The Creator and the Cosmos, Beyond the Cosmos, A Matter of Days, Creation as Science, Why the Universe Is the Way It Is, and More Than a Theory. Between writing books and articles, recording podcasts, and taking interviews, Hugh travels the world challenging students and faculty, churches and professional groups, to consider what they believe and why. He presents a persuasive case for Christianity without applying pressure. Because he treats people's questions and comments with respect, he is in great demand as a speaker and as a talk-radio and television guest. Having grown up amid the splendor of Canada's mountains, wildlife, and waterways, Hugh loves the outdoors. Hiking, trail running, and photography are among his favorite recreational pursuits - in addition to stargazing. Hugh lives in Southern California with his wife, Kathy, and two sons.



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